Within the 1980, the new feminist copywriter Adrienne Rich put forth the notion of compulsory heterosexuality to feedback the latest heteronormative patriarchal ideology you to definitely illustrated lesbian experience “toward a measure ranging from deviant to help you abhorrent, or simply made hidden” (1980, 632)
The newest argument inside the neighborhood as well as in your family in the matrimony talks to their strengths-their life, sanctity, availableness, means, emblematic meaning, and standard inquiries. Steeped argued that the heteronormative patriarchal ideology ‘s the gold standard to have testing, for example lesbians and you can, by the expansion, almost every other tongzhi, was considered lower. Borrowing from the bank the concept of “compulsory heterosexuality” (Steeped 1980), We argue that addititionally there is required marriage, an imperative, inevitable, and you can prescribed push inside the Taiwanese society one to banishes and you will punishes tongzhi due to their unsuitability to the heteronormative patriarchal ined the woman-woman relationships and its particular regards to the latest societal and family organization for the Cina and you will argued towards the electricity out-of perhaps not only required relationships, plus “mandatory sexual solution, necessary breeding, and you will necessary chastity” (2003, 92). Furthermore, scholars particularly Afsaneh Najmabadi (2006), Leila J. Rupp (2012), and you will Aoife Neary (2016) possess chatted about the “wedding crucial” to criticism exactly how wedding serves as the latest central putting push to have modern You.S. community.
In this framework, tongzhi are not only the incorrect to have heteronormative relationships; he could be equally incapable of participate in a beneficial heteronormative marriage, an event who has of many amounts of emblematic meaning. One such definition try “success as mothers.” Wedding parties when you look at the Taiwan have been called “the newest parents’ success demonstration” (Lei 2019) once the, other than remembering the fresh relationship away from a couple crazy (ideally), a successful relationships as well as remembers parents passing their last sample which have flying color-marrying its young children out-of for the a beneficial heteronormative trend. The importance that parents put on wedding receptions and relationships including explains an upswing of xinghun (??, formality ), a nation with which Taiwan shares of many cultural discourses. Formality wedding take place between a homosexual child and a beneficial lesbian, just who wed having a marriage and you may, in some cases, even have young children in order to satisfy its filial obligation 
At the opposite end of your own spectrum are somebody, specifically ladies, just who stand outside heterosexual marriage ceremonies. Having solitary women who features passed the latest normative marriageable a long time during the Taiwan, its singlehood was stigmatized, pathologized, and you will deemed problems (Budgeon 2016) if you don’t a good “national cover crisis” (Qiu 2015). Such ladies are nicknamed “leftover ladies” (Fincher 2016) or “loser dogs” (), words one commodify girls if you are connoting the brand new blessed standing from heterosexual marriage to which the newest reduced aggressive and less preferred ladies are declined supply. The new failure condition off remaining daughters brings disgrace, or at least gossip and spying towards the friends; therefore, mothers anticipate their girl to enter a great heterosexual marriage in this good normative age range.
To own moms and dads who want its tongzhi children to get age-intercourse relationship legislation inside Taiwan was conditional and affected, as the meaning of relationship transcends the legality
Another reason girl are essential to find ily is the belief one to only courtesy relationship can be a female secure an input this lady husband’s ancestral hall on the afterlife (Ahern 1971; Harrell 1986). Considering Taiwanese individuals values, ladies who die ahead of it marry will become drifting morale trapped ranging from globes, and won’t be safely prayed in order to. Which trust when you look at the earlier in the day and upcoming lifetime is on the fresh wane but still carrying, since the evidenced by 2014 Taiwan Public Change Survey (Fu mais aussi al. 2015). New questionnaire learned that a maximum of 52.4 percent regarding respondents considered that all the jobs and lose created for an individual’s kiddies try a result of indebtedness on them of prior lives, when you’re 88.6 percent believed that just what one do will end up karma you to has an effect on his or her youngsters.